Part 1
Read the following text and for questions 31-36 choose the correct answers:
The Dream of Travelling to Mars
For centuries, humans have gazed at the night sky, wondering if life exists beyond Earth. Today, Mars is the focus of this curiosity, with space agencies and private companies racing to send the first humans to the Red Planet. But is this ambition realistic, or just science fiction? Some experts argue that while the technology is advancing, major obstacles remain. Others believe that with enough funding and determination, a manned mission to Mars is within reach. The debate continues as new discoveries about Mars are made every year.
Elon Musk, the founder of SpaceX, believes that humans could set foot on Mars within the next decade. His vision includes establishing a self-sustaining colony, ensuring humanity's survival in case of a catastrophe on Earth. However, scientists warn that the journey itself poses significant risks. The trip could take up to nine months, exposing astronauts to dangerous levels of cosmic radiation. Once there, they would face extreme temperatures, dust storms, and a lack of breathable air. Additionally, growing food and recycling water would be essential for long-term survival. Without these systems, a Mars colony would quickly fail.
Despite these challenges, volunteers are already signing up for one-way missions. Dr. Sarah Mitchell, a physicist, explains the dangers of the mission: "The psychological impact of isolation and confinement is a major concern. Astronauts will be far from home, with no quick return possible." Studies on Earth, such as those in simulated Mars habitats, show that prolonged isolation can lead to stress and conflicts among crew members. Yet, for many, the opportunity to make history outweighs the risks. Some even see Mars as a fresh start for humanity, free from Earth's political and environmental problems.
Some argue that robotic missions are more practical, as they can gather data without endangering human lives. Over the past decades, rovers like Curiosity and Perseverance have provided valuable information about Mars' geology and climate. These machines can work for years without needing food, water, or oxygen. But others insist that human presence is essential for deeper exploration. "Robots can't improvise like humans can," says astronaut Tim Peake. "If we want to truly understand Mars, we need boots on the ground." Humans could conduct more complex experiments and react to unexpected discoveries in real time.
Whether Mars becomes humanity's next home or remains a distant dream, the journey will push the boundaries of science and human endurance. The lessons learned from Mars missions could also help us tackle problems on Earth, such as climate change and resource scarcity. As technology improves, what seems impossible today may become reality tomorrow. The dream of reaching Mars continues to inspire generations, proving that human curiosity knows no limits.
31 What is the main focus of the first paragraph?
A. The history of space exploration
B. The current race to reach Mars
C. The possibility of life on other planets
D. The dangers of space travel
32 What does Elon Musk believe about Mars colonisation?
A. It will take at least 50 years to achieve.
B. It could ensure human survival.
C. Robots should be sent first.
D. The risks are too great.
33 What concern does Dr. Sarah Mitchell raise?
A. The financial cost of the mission
B. The physical health risks for astronauts
C. The psychological effects of long isolation
D. The lack of scientific interest in Mars
34 What argument supports sending humans instead of robots?
A. Robots are cheaper to send.
B. Humans can adapt to unexpected situations.
C. Robots can survive longer in space.
D. Humans are less affected by radiation.
35 What is the writer's overall attitude towards Mars exploration?
A. Skeptical
B. Enthusiastic
C. Neutral but intrigued
D. Strongly opposed
36 Why do many people want to travel to Mars?
A. They don´t know how dangerous the journey is
B. They want to be the first
C. They are special psychologically
D. They are scientists
Part 2
Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap. There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.
The Rise of the X-Games
Extreme sports have exploded in popularity over the last two decades, and the X-Games have been at the heart of this movement. Since then, it has grown into a global phenomenon, attracting millions of viewers and inspiring a new generation of athletes. The competition now features events across multiple disciplines, from skateboarding and BMX to motocross and winter sports, with participants coming from all corners of the world.
What sets the X-Games apart from traditional sports is the emphasis on creativity and risk-taking. Spectators are drawn to the thrill of seeing athletes push their limits, whether it's a skateboarder landing a never-before-seen trick or a snowboarder flying through the air at dizzying heights. Judges reward not just technical skill but also style and originality, making each performance unique. This focus on individuality has helped create a more inclusive sporting culture.
However, the dangers are real. Despite this, competitors continue to innovate, driven by the desire to leave their mark on the sport. Medical teams are always on standby as injuries ranging from broken bones to concussions are common. Many athletes wear protective gear, but the nature of these sports means complete safety is impossible to guarantee.
The X-Games have also influenced mainstream culture. Fashion brands, video games, and even music have incorporated the rebellious spirit of extreme sports. Teenagers worldwide imitate their favourite athletes' clothing styles, while action sports video games regularly top sales charts. The X-Games lifestyle, with its emphasis on freedom and self-expression, has become particularly appealing to younger generations.
For young athletes, the X-Games offer a unique opportunity. Many have turned their passion into careers, thanks to sponsorships and media exposure. Unlike traditional sports with rigid pathways to professionalism, extreme sports allow talented individuals to gain recognition through social media and competition results. Training facilities have sprung up worldwide, helping young athletes develop their skills in safe environments before attempting dangerous stunts.
Looking ahead, the future of the X-Games seems bright. As long as there are athletes willing to take risks, the X-Games will continue to captivate audiences worldwide. With the inclusion of skateboarding in the Olympics, extreme sports are gaining even more legitimacy. New technologies like slow-motion replays and drone cameras are making the events more spectacular to watch than ever before.
The environmental impact of these events is becoming an important consideration too. Organisers are increasingly using sustainable materials for ramps and obstacles, while some competitions are powered by renewable energy. This eco-conscious approach helps ensure the X-Games remain relevant in an era of climate awareness.
Another significant development is the growing participation of women in extreme sports. Female athletes are now competing at the highest levels, challenging stereotypes and inspiring girls worldwide. Their increasing visibility has led to more equal prize money and media coverage in recent years.
A Broken bones and concussions are common.
B It all began in 1995 as a small competition in Rhode Island.
C Athletes are judged not just on execution but on innovation and style, making each performance unique.
D They can showcase their skills on an international stage.
E Traditional sports like football are losing fans to extreme events.
F The event's influence extends far beyond the sports world.
G New disciplines are constantly being added, keeping the excitement fresh.
Part 3
You are going to read an article about four teenagers who have had memorable experiences with wild animals. For questions 43-52, choose from the teenagers (A-D). The teenagers may be chosen more than once.
Wild Encounters
A. Jake, 17
I've always loved wildlife documentaries, but seeing a lion up close during a safari in Kenya was terrifying at first. The guide assured us it was safe, but my heart raced as the lion stared right at me, its golden eyes unblinking. I held my breath, frozen in awe and fear. Later, watching a herd of elephants interact so gently with their young changed everything. The way they protected and guided the calves showed such intelligence and care. I realised how much respect these animals deserve—not just as majestic creatures, but as vital parts of our world. Now, I'm studying biology and hope to work in conservation. I even started a blog to teach others about protecting habitats, sharing stories like mine to inspire change.
B. Mia, 16
Last summer, I rescued an injured fox cub near our campsite. Its tiny leg was caught in a trap, and its frightened whimpers broke my heart. I couldn't just walk away. My dad helped me carefully free it, and we took it to a wildlife centre. The staff there were amazing—they taught me how foxes communicate through barks and body language. Did you know they even use their tails to signal danger? I still get nervous around larger animals, like bears, but that fox taught me bravery isn't about being fearless; it's about doing what's right, even when you're scared.
C. Ryan, 18
Growing up, my dad took me hiking every weekend. He'd point out bird calls and animal tracks, but I never paid much attention—until I saw a wolf in the wild. It was just a glimpse between the trees, but it felt magical. The way it moved, so graceful and strong, made me see nature differently. Now, I volunteer at a nature reserve, tracking wildlife and leading guided walks for visitors. It's funny how one moment can change everything. My dad still jokes that he knew I'd come around eventually!
D. Lily, 15
I'll never forget the day a dolphin swam right up to our boat! It leaped through the waves, spinning in the air before splashing back down, as if showing off. I laughed so hard my sides hurt. Later, the guide explained how dolphins work together to hunt, using clever tricks to herd fish. It made me realise how little I knew about marine life—and how much I wanted to learn. Now, I'm saving up for a diving certificate so I can see them underwater. My parents think it's just a phase, but I've never been more serious about anything. Who knows? Maybe one day, I'll be the one teaching others about these incredible creatures.
was initially afraid but later felt inspired by the encounter?
mentions how their experience changed their career plans?
describes an unexpected event that surprised them?
explains how their family influenced their attitude?
admits to still feeling nervous around certain animals?
took action to help an animal in danger?
knew very little about certain animals?
says their changed their attitude to nature completely?
was motivated to share their knowledge with others?
reflects on how their perspective shifted over time?